{"id":192,"date":"2023-08-23T13:43:29","date_gmt":"2023-08-23T17:43:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ca.beyondtype2.org\/fr\/?p=192"},"modified":"2023-09-02T12:15:13","modified_gmt":"2023-09-02T16:15:13","slug":"prevention-des-complications-oculaires-liees-au-diabete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ca.beyondtype2.org\/fr\/prevention-des-complications-oculaires-liees-au-diabete\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00e9vention des complications oculaires li\u00e9es au diab\u00e8te"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b><i>Note de la r\u00e9daction\u00a0:<\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Cet article a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par le<\/span><\/i> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joslin.org\/\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joslin Diabetes Center<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, le plus grand centre de recherche sur le diab\u00e8te, clinique du diab\u00e8te et fournisseur d\u2019\u00e9ducation sur le diab\u00e8te au monde. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 fond\u00e9 en\u00a01952 et est situ\u00e9 \u00e0 Boston, au Massachusetts, aux \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">En\u00a01921, l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de l\u2019insuline a r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 le traitement du diab\u00e8te. Pourtant, comme Eliot\u00a0P. Joslin l\u2019a lui-m\u00eame observ\u00e9, des complications inattendues se sont manifest\u00e9es \u00e0 mesure que la vie des patients se prolongeait. La maladie oculaire li\u00e9e au diab\u00e8te fait partie des complications les plus graves.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique est la complication vasculaire la plus courante du diab\u00e8te et la principale cause de perte de la vision chez les Am\u00e9ricains en \u00e2ge de travailler. Les experts estiment que la r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique touchera un demi-milliard d\u2019yeux dans le monde d\u2019ici\u00a02030. Si elle n\u2019est pas trait\u00e9e, cette complication m\u00e8ne \u00e0 la c\u00e9cit\u00e9 de 20 \u00e0 30\u00a0ans apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9but du diab\u00e8te. Lisez la suite pour d\u00e9couvrir pourquoi les complications oculaires li\u00e9es au diab\u00e8te surviennent et comment les pr\u00e9venir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Raisons de la perte de la vision\u00a0:<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>\u0152d\u00e8me maculaire<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0\u2013 fuite des vaisseaux sanguins<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>R\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique prolif\u00e9rante<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0\u2013 formation d\u00e9sordonn\u00e9e de vaisseaux sanguins sur la r\u00e9tine.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dans les deux cas, les centres de vision \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de l\u2019\u0153il peuvent \u00eatre bloqu\u00e9s, ce qui r\u00e9duit la capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 voir clairement et peut mener \u00e0 une c\u00e9cit\u00e9 compl\u00e8te. Le plus frappant, c\u2019est que la maladie peut rapidement d\u00e9truire les vaisseaux sanguins de l\u2019\u0153il sans sympt\u00f4mes visibles. C\u2019est pourquoi les m\u00e9decins insistent sur l\u2019importance d\u2019effectuer r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement des examens de la vue approfondis. Il s\u2019agit de la meilleure fa\u00e7on de d\u00e9tecter la maladie avant qu\u2019elle ne cause des dommages irr\u00e9parables.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Les yeux sont des organes fragiles constitu\u00e9s d\u2019un r\u00e9seau de vaisseaux sanguins et de capteurs qui traduisent la lumi\u00e8re en objets compr\u00e9hensibles \u00e0 chaque seconde. \u00ab\u00a0Les images entrent par la pupille, qui n\u2019est qu\u2019une ouverture dans l\u2019iris, explique Phillip\u00a0Silver, O.D., optom\u00e9triste au <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joslin.org\/care\/eye_care.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beetham Eye Institute<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Elles atteignent ensuite la paroi interne du globe oculaire, qui est la r\u00e9tine.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La r\u00e9tine nous aide \u00e0 traiter ce que nous voyons. \u00ab\u00a0La r\u00e9tine est la mince pellicule, ou membrane, qui recouvre l\u2019arri\u00e8re de l\u2019\u0153il, d\u00e9crit Jennifer\u00a0Sun, M.D., MSP, chercheuse en biologie vasculaire, ophtalmologiste au <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joslin.org\/care\/eye_care.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beetham Eye Institute de Joslin<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> et professeure agr\u00e9g\u00e9e \u00e0 la Harvard Medical School. La lumi\u00e8re qui entre dans l\u2019\u0153il est d\u00e9tect\u00e9e par les cellules de la r\u00e9tine, qui transmettent ensuite la lumi\u00e8re et l\u2019information vers le cerveau par l\u2019interm\u00e9diaire du nerf optique afin qu\u2019elles soient trait\u00e9es.\u00a0\u00bb Si une partie de ce r\u00e9seau est difforme ou d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibr\u00e9e, la vision du patient se d\u00e9forme.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>\u0152d\u00e8me maculaire<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Un \u0153d\u00e8me maculaire peut survenir seul ou lorsque l\u2019\u0153il tente de fabriquer de nouveaux vaisseaux sanguins. La fabrication de nouveaux vaisseaux sanguins entra\u00eene la d\u00e9gradation des anciens vaisseaux, ce qui peut entra\u00eener des fuites et bloquer les cellules de la vision centrale dans la r\u00e9tine.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>R\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique, qui entra\u00eene des changements dans les vaisseaux sanguins de la r\u00e9tine, est une complication oculaire bien connue du diab\u00e8te. Les complications commencent lorsque l\u2019hyperglyc\u00e9mie entra\u00eene une perte de capillaires, et donc une baisse d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne, ce qui d\u00e9clenche une r\u00e9ponse de r\u00e9paration qui stimule la croissance de nouveaux vaisseaux sanguins dans une tentative d\u2019augmenter l\u2019apport en oxyg\u00e8ne \u00e0 la r\u00e9tine. La r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique prolif\u00e9rante est caus\u00e9e par le manque d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne lorsque de nouveaux vaisseaux sanguins r\u00e9tiniens se forment de fa\u00e7on d\u00e9sorganis\u00e9e en tentant fr\u00e9n\u00e9tiquement de compenser la perte d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne. Cette prolif\u00e9ration d\u00e9sordonn\u00e9e peut \u00e9ventuellement entra\u00eener un d\u00e9collement de la r\u00e9tine \u00e0 l\u2019arri\u00e8re de l\u2019\u0153il, causant une c\u00e9cit\u00e9 compl\u00e8te.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vous pouvez r\u00e9duire votre risque d\u2019\u00eatre atteint de cette maladie effrayante en vous faisant examiner r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement la r\u00e9tine par un expert en soins oculaires pour les diab\u00e9tiques. Il s\u2019agit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement d\u2019examens des yeux apr\u00e8s dilatation des pupilles. Toutefois, une technologie r\u00e9cente permet \u00e0 certains ophtalmologistes de prendre une photo de la pupille non\u00a0dilat\u00e9e et de voir la r\u00e9tine mieux que jamais, y compris les contours, qu\u2019on appelle la \u00ab\u00a0p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie\u00a0\u00bb. \u00ab\u00a0L\u2019importance de la p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie r\u00e9tinienne est reconnue depuis longtemps, mais nous ne disposions pas de la technologie permettant de la visualiser avant r\u00e9cemment, d\u00e9clare Paolo\u00a0Silva, M.D., ophtalmologiste membre du personnel et chef adjoint de la t\u00e9l\u00e9m\u00e9decine au Beetham Eye Institute du Joslin Diabetes Center. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 cette nouvelle technologie d\u2019imagerie, nous pouvons voir 82\u00a0% de la r\u00e9tine sur une seule image haute r\u00e9solution \u00e0 200\u00a0degr\u00e9s.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vous pouvez veiller \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 de vos yeux entre les visites chez l\u2019ophtalmologiste en surveillant \u00e9troitement votre glyc\u00e9mie. Cependant, il ne faut pas oublier que de nombreuses personnes atteintes de r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique ne pr\u00e9sentent aucun sympt\u00f4me et doivent tout de m\u00eame se faire examiner annuellement pour surveiller la progression de la maladie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La bonne nouvelle, c\u2019est qu\u2019il existe des traitements contre la r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique, surtout si elle est d\u00e9cel\u00e9e \u00e0 un stade pr\u00e9coce. L\u2019un de ces traitements comprend un faisceau laser qui r\u00e9pare les fuites dans les vaisseaux sanguins. Ce traitement est efficace pour pr\u00e9venir l\u2019\u00e9volution de la maladie chez de nombreux patients, mais il n\u2019am\u00e9liore pas la vision. Toutefois, il existe un traitement mis au point au Joslin Diabetes Center au cours de la derni\u00e8re d\u00e9cennie et connu sous le nom d\u2019\u00ab\u00a0injections d\u2019anti-VEGF\u00a0\u00bb qui s\u2019est montr\u00e9 efficace \u00e0 la fois pour interrompre l\u2019\u00e9volution de la maladie et am\u00e9liorer la vision chez de nombreux patients.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00ab\u00a0Le laser a encore un r\u00f4le \u00e0 jouer dans le traitement\u2026 pour certains patients, affirme D<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">re<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0Sun. Toutefois, le traitement anti-VEGF nous apporte un autre outil dans notre recherche de meilleurs r\u00e9sultats sur le plan de la vision chez nos patients diab\u00e9tiques.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Note de la r\u00e9daction\u00a0: Cet article a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par le Joslin Diabetes Center, le plus grand centre de recherche sur le diab\u00e8te, clinique du diab\u00e8te et fournisseur d\u2019\u00e9ducation sur le diab\u00e8te au monde. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 fond\u00e9 en\u00a01952 et est situ\u00e9 \u00e0 Boston, au Massachusetts, aux \u00c9tats-Unis. En\u00a01921, l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de l\u2019insuline a r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 le [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":193,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37,34],"tags":[],"invisible":[81,8],"class_list":["post-192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-complications-du-diabete","category-gestion-du-diabete-de-type-2","invisible-complications","invisible-core-evergreen-resource"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pr\u00e9vention des complications oculaires li\u00e9es au diab\u00e8te - Beyond Type 2 Canada<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les complications oculaires li\u00e9es au diab\u00e8te sont courantes lorsque la prise en charge est inad\u00e9quate.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.beyondtype2.org\/fr\/prevention-des-complications-oculaires-liees-au-diabete\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pr\u00e9vention des complications oculaires li\u00e9es au diab\u00e8te - 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