			{"id":189,"date":"2023-08-23T13:39:20","date_gmt":"2023-08-23T17:39:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ca.beyondtype2.org\/fr\/?p=189"},"modified":"2023-09-06T15:37:37","modified_gmt":"2023-09-06T19:37:37","slug":"quest-ce-que-la-nephropathie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ca.beyondtype2.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-la-nephropathie\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u2019est-ce que la n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">La n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique est <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/beyondtype2.org\/double-diagnosis-diabetes-complications\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">l\u2019une des complications du diab\u00e8te de type\u00a02<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. La fonction principale des reins consiste \u00e0 filtrer le sang en \u00e9liminant les d\u00e9chets et les surplus de liquides. La n\u00e9phropathie entra\u00eene une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de cette fonction et peut causer une insuffisance r\u00e9nale ou une insuffisance r\u00e9nale terminale (IRT). La n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique compte cinq stades, le cinqui\u00e8me \u00e9tant le plus grave et n\u00e9cessitant une dialyse, et possiblement une greffe de rein.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Quels sont les cinq stades de la n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Les m\u00e9decins utilisent le <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kidney.org\/atoz\/content\/gfr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">d\u00e9bit de filtration glom\u00e9rulaire (DFG)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> pour \u00e9valuer le fonctionnement des reins. Le DFG le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 est de 100. Un faible DFG indique que les reins ne fonctionnent pas aussi bien qu\u2019ils le devraient. Le DFG diminue \u00e0 mesure que l\u2019insuffisance r\u00e9nale s\u2019aggrave. La progression entre chaque stade peut prendre des ann\u00e9es. Le tableau ci-dessous explique ce \u00e0 quoi il faut s\u2019attendre \u00e0 chaque stade ainsi que la plage de valeurs de DFG estim\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Stade<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Description<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Plage de valeurs de DFG\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Un<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u00e9g\u00e8re atteinte r\u00e9nale, mais la fonction r\u00e9nale est normale.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">90\u00a0&gt;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deux<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u00e9g\u00e8re d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de la fonction r\u00e9nale. Peut durer <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5297588\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">entre 5 et 15\u00a0ans<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> apr\u00e8s un diagnostic de diab\u00e8te. L\u2019hyperfiltration maintient le DFG \u00e9lev\u00e9.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">89\u201360<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Trois<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D\u00e9t\u00e9rioration l\u00e9g\u00e8re ou grave de la fonction r\u00e9nale. Survient chez <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5297588\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">30 \u00e0 50\u00a0% des patients<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">; 80\u00a0% d\u2019entre eux pr\u00e9senteront une n\u00e9phropathie au cours de la d\u00e9cennie \u00e0 venir. Irr\u00e9versible si le DFG chute entre 40 et 34.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">59\u201330<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Quatre<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Grave d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de la fonction r\u00e9nale. Consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme une n\u00e9phropathie manifeste.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">29\u201315<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cinq<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Insuffisance r\u00e9nale et aggravation jusqu\u2019au stade terminal. La dialyse et une greffe de rein peuvent \u00eatre n\u00e9cessaires.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&lt;\u00a015<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><b>Comment la n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique est-elle diagnostiqu\u00e9e?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u2019<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/beyondtype2.org\/journey-biosciences-kidney-disease-testing\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">insuffisance r\u00e9nale<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> est habituellement diagnostiqu\u00e9e par une analyse d\u2019urine. Votre m\u00e9decin v\u00e9rifiera si votre urine contient une prot\u00e9ine appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0albumine\u00a0\u00bb. L\u2019urine ne devrait pas contenir d\u2019albumine. Sa pr\u00e9sence dans l\u2019urine, m\u00eame minime, pourrait indiquer une atteinte r\u00e9nale.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Des signes d\u2019insuffisance r\u00e9nale peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre d\u00e9cel\u00e9s dans le sang. Les m\u00e9decins y recherchent de la cr\u00e9atinine, qui est un d\u00e9chet. Toutefois, comme les taux de cr\u00e9atinine d\u00e9pendent de l\u2019\u00e2ge, de la race, de la taille et du sexe, les valeurs \u00ab\u00a0normales\u00a0\u00bb varient. Par cons\u00e9quent, il ne s\u2019agit pas de la meilleure fa\u00e7on de diagnostiquer une insuffisance r\u00e9nale.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Quels sont les sympt\u00f4mes, les risques et les causes de la n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">L\u2019hypertension art\u00e9rielle peut \u00e9galement entra\u00eener une n\u00e9phropathie chez les diab\u00e9tiques, et elle en acc\u00e9l\u00e8re souvent l\u2019\u00e9volution. Au d\u00e9but de la n\u00e9phropathie, les sympt\u00f4mes peuvent passer inaper\u00e7us. Toutefois, \u00e0 mesure que la maladie s\u2019aggravera, vous observerez les signes suivants\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Besoin accru d\u2019uriner<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Confusion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Perte d\u2019app\u00e9tit<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D\u00e9mangeaisons<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fatigue<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Essoufflement<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Urine fonc\u00e9e<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">R\u00e9tention d\u2019eau causant une enflure des membres<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Naus\u00e9es<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Les facteurs de risque comprennent \u00e9galement <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">le tabagisme, la vieillesse, l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 et l\u2019hypercholest\u00e9rol\u00e9mie (dyslipid\u00e9mie). Selon<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> les estimations, entre<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kidney.org\/atoz\/content\/diabetes\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">10 et 40\u00a0% des personnes atteintes de diab\u00e8te de type\u00a02 pr\u00e9senteront une n\u00e9phropathie.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> En raison de leurs taux plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s de diab\u00e8te et d\u2019hypertension, les Afro-Am\u00e9ricains, les Hispaniques, les Am\u00e9rindiens et les Autochtones de l\u2019Alaska pr\u00e9sentent un<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niddk.nih.gov\/health-information\/kidney-disease\/race-ethnicity\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">risque accru d\u2019insuffisance r\u00e9nale.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><b>Comment la n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique est-elle trait\u00e9e? Peut-on la gu\u00e9rir?<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bien qu\u2019il n\u2019existe pas de rem\u00e8de contre la n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique, son traitement consiste \u00e0 exercer une <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/beyondtype2.org\/learning-about-blood-glucose-levels\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">ma\u00eetrise rigoureuse de la glyc\u00e9mie et de la tension art\u00e9rielle<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Il est ainsi possible de retarder l\u2019\u00e9volution de la maladie. Il est \u00e9galement possible que les m\u00e9decins \u00e9vitent de vous faire prendre des m\u00e9dicaments qui pourraient exacerber la maladie. Les personnes atteintes d\u2019IRT ont souvent besoin de dialyse pour nettoyer le sang.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Comment puis-je pr\u00e9venir la n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique?<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Une prise en charge ad\u00e9quate du diab\u00e8te, comme la surveillance \u00e9troite de votre glyc\u00e9mie, est essentielle pour \u00e9viter la n\u00e9phropathie.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pr\u00e9venez l\u2019hypertension ou prenez les traitements n\u00e9cessaires comme vous l\u2019a prescrit votre m\u00e9decin.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maintenez un mode de vie sain, par exemple en suivant un r\u00e9gime alimentaire nutritif, en faisant de l\u2019exercice, en limitant votre consommation d\u2019alcool et en \u00e9vitant de fumer.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lors de vos visites chez le m\u00e9decin, demandez \u00e0 votre professionnel de la sant\u00e9 de v\u00e9rifier la pr\u00e9sence de signes d\u2019atteinte r\u00e9nale. Certains m\u00e9decins peuvent recommander des tests annuels pour d\u00e9celer les atteintes r\u00e9nales, en particulier parce que les sympt\u00f4mes peuvent passer inaper\u00e7us au d\u00e9but de la maladie.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><div class='cta cta-align-left cta-color-red'><a href='https:\/\/community.beyondtype2.org\/' target='_blank'><span class='arrow'>&#10142;<\/span><span class='link-text'>Join the Beyond Type 2 Community!<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique est l\u2019une des complications du diab\u00e8te de type\u00a02. La fonction principale des reins consiste \u00e0 filtrer le sang en \u00e9liminant les d\u00e9chets et les surplus de liquides. La n\u00e9phropathie entra\u00eene une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de cette fonction et peut causer une insuffisance r\u00e9nale ou une insuffisance r\u00e9nale terminale (IRT). La n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique compte cinq [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":823,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37,34],"tags":[],"invisible":[84,28,81,8],"class_list":["post-189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-complications-du-diabete","category-gestion-du-diabete-de-type-2","invisible-body","invisible-btresource","invisible-complications","invisible-core-evergreen-resource"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Qu\u2019est-ce que la n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique? - Beyond Type 2 Canada<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.beyondtype2.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-la-nephropathie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Qu\u2019est-ce que la n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique? - Beyond Type 2 Canada\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La n\u00e9phropathie diab\u00e9tique est l\u2019une des complications du diab\u00e8te de type\u00a02. La fonction principale des reins consiste \u00e0 filtrer le sang en \u00e9liminant les d\u00e9chets et les surplus de liquides. La n\u00e9phropathie entra\u00eene une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de cette fonction et peut causer une insuffisance r\u00e9nale ou une insuffisance r\u00e9nale terminale (IRT). 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La fonction principale des reins consiste \u00e0 filtrer le sang en \u00e9liminant les d\u00e9chets et les surplus de liquides. La n\u00e9phropathie entra\u00eene une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de cette fonction et peut causer une insuffisance r\u00e9nale ou une insuffisance r\u00e9nale terminale (IRT). 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